Roe v. Wade was overturned, and in one stroke everyone in America who possesses a uterus is no longer a free and equal citizen of the United States. We are unpersoned. Reproductive rights are no longer federally protected, and the barn door has been kicked down for states that want to ban abortion outright. It is a truly terrifying time: not only are we returning to a era of dangerous abortions, but we are entering a dark unknown wherein pregnancy itself is under state surveillance and even miscarriage can be investigated as a crime. Not only is the destruction of Roe v. Wade a catastrophe for reproductive and civil rights, it is also a blow to privacy for everyone. It wasn’t until 1965, in Griswold v. Connecticut, that the Supreme Court recognized a constitutional right to privacy, acknowledging that while the Bill of Rights does not specifically enumerate a federal “right of privacy”, zones of privacy – that is, freedom from interference from the government – can be inferred from the First, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Amendments . In concurring opinions, Justices argued that the Ninth Amendment (acknowledging that there are some constitutional rights that are not explicitly outlined or mentioned in the Bill of Rights) and the due process provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment also created a constitutionally granted right to privacy that exists within the penumbra of these protections. Because of this, married couples were permitted access to contraception. Griswold set the precedent for future privacy cases, including Roe v. Wade. In 1973, SCOTUS held — through their decision in Roe v. Wade — that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment “protects against state action the right to privacy, including a woman’s qualified right to terminate her pregnancy” and “though the State cannot override that right, it has legitimate interests in protecting both the pregnant woman’s health and the potentiality of human life.” With that, Roe v. Wade ceased the enforcement of individual state laws that were in place that banned abortion before 24 weeks. SCOTUS further affirmed through Planned Parenthood v. Casey that “the fundamental right of privacy protects citizens against governmental intrusion in such intimate family matters.” Basically, individual state laws prohibiting abortion would violate the Due Process Clause if they created an “undue burden” on a pregnant person’s right to an abortion. The destruction of the Roe v. Wade decision will now call into question all past SCOTUS decisions predicated on a person’s right to privacy, and Clarence Thomas has made it explicitly clear in his concurring opinion that SCOTUS should reconsider Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), Lawrence v. Texas (2003), and Griswold v. Connecticut, the rulings that have protected same-sex marriage, same-sex relationships, and access to contraception. Think about that — look at those dates. As recently as 2003, it was technically illegal for same sex couples to have sex in FOURTEEN states, and not just in many of the same states that are rushing to criminalize abortion, but in states like Massachusetts and Maryland. All Supreme Court decisions based on the concepts of equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment are in jeopardy, including those that impact rights that were not available to us during the American Revolution. What will tumble next? What rights that we currently take for granted will go back to being determined by gerrymandered state legislatures? Loving v. Virginia (1967) protects interracial marriage, Katz v. United States (1967) currently protects us against government surveillance, Stanley v. Georgia (1969) protects us from being prosecuted for the possession of “obscene material” as defined by individual states, and Eisenstadt v. Baird (1971) further protects our right to contraception outside of marriage. These all crumble away when the right to privacy defined in Griswold is dissolved.
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